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fabrication

Metals, Steel, Alloys

A line drawing shows liquid metal, possibly steel or alloys, being poured from a container on the left and three solid metal bars, including one cylindrical piece, on the right.

Metals are incredibly versatile construction materials, rarely used in their purest form. Alloying metals, like adding chromium and nickel to steel to make it stainless, enhances desirable properties such as strength, hardness, and corrosion resistance. From refining through smelting to various fabrication methods like casting, rolling, and extrusion, metals are shaped and treated to achieve optimal characteristics for architectural applications.